Enduring physical beatings is just one aspect of the difficult working conditions faced by many Nepali security guards, say migrant rights activists.

Such conditions include 12-hour working days, unpaid overtime wages, limited toilet breaks and being restricted from reporting abuse.

This had led to questions on whether there is a causal link between their working environment, medical problems and high death rate.

In 2016, at least 386 workers were reported to have died...